Background Over the past few decades, Diabetes Mellitus type 2 has become a prevalent condition within western society (Abate & Chandalia, 2003). In America, the disease affects minority populations such as African-Americans disproportionately (Thackeray et al. 2004). African-Americans have a far greater likelihood to suffer type 2 diabetes and the many forms of comorbid conditions that result from it as compared to non-Hispanic Caucasians (Thackeray, Merrill et al. 2004). Di

Subject: Program Proposal for “You Are Not Alone” Intervention The second victim syndrome is a real threat in many if not all healthcare institutions. Second Victim Syndrome is the result of unanticipated adverse outcomes of patients due to healthcare workers’ routine efforts to restore optimum health to their patients. Due to the nature of the medial error physicians as well as nurses can suffer severe psychological and emotional trauma due to what is usually perceived as

The aedes mosquito species has been a serious public health menace for a long time. The species alone is responsible for different types of arboviruses which cause such infectious diseases as dengue and chikungunya to mention but a few. There have been efforts to eradicate the aedes mosquito population, but not all of the efforts have met with the desired level of success. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), water storage tanks, wells, pools et cetera have to be

Salvador Dali painted Sacrament of The Last Supper in 1955. He was born on May 11, 1904, in Figueras, Spain. His father, Salvador Dali y Cusi, and his mother, Felipa Domenech, nurtured his early artistic talents. As a boy, Dali showed a deep love for the arts, producing oil paintings before the age of ten. He was not only an artistic genius but also a unique individual who stood up for his beliefs. At school, he was suspended for inciting a rebellion against a professor he an

Food is a necessity for survival for all people including women and children. In a food-rich nation like the United States, there are factors that militate against the successful access to nutritional food especially for women and children. Empirical evidence shows that one’s state of health is impacted significantly depending on the quality of nutrition that is available and accessible (Campbell, 1991.) The implementation of the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids (HHFK) Act which was

While progressing through this week’s reading about Health Promotion, a very important study came to mind. The study, Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH Detroit), sought to use evidence-based approaches which took into consideration more than just the individual factors and disease causation alone (Jacqueline, 2005.) The REACH Detroit study consisted of one hundred and fifty-one (151) adults over the age of 18 living in the Detroit, Michigan area. The stu

Much of the pushback related to vaccine refusal has been due to a lack of parents accessing the right information about vaccines (Dempsey et al., 2006; Nagras 2015). There have been arguments made against mandatory vaccination programs based on the likelihood of a high rate of morbidity and mortality (Javitt et al., 2008) occurring. For instance, unlike the human papilloma virus (HPV), measles is transmitted through droplet infection i.e. coughing and/or sneezing. HPV on the

As an aspiring healthcare professional, the ethical analysis and assessment readings for this week came across as quite insightful. Of particular relevance is the case involving Multiple Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR TB) and how public health officials tried to apply Directly Observed Therapy (DOT) to contain the progression of the condition in kids adopted from a country with high TB prevalence. The stakeholder theory according to Bernheim et al. (2013) is vital in sustai

You make some fascinating points about the harm principle and paternalism. In your submission, there is mention of how public health risks need to be delineated from the economic ramifications that result from inaction of identified risks. Concerning the idea that the health impact of an obese person is borne by that individual alone and that it has no consequence on the rest of society is precisely what is in conflict with the research findings. Over a ten-year period, avail

As you may well know, social determinants of health play a vital role in advancing population health and health equity. The average middle class American over the past few decades has found diminishing income levels for the same amount of work which the 2008 financial crisis did not help with much. For individuals of low socioeconomic status (SES), the ability to afford nutritious food is not an option as readily available to them as those higher up on the socioeconomic ladde

The gradual emergence of the field of legal epidemiology is welcome news within the field of public health. The application of the relevant aspects of both tort and criminal law undoubtedly has a place in the general scheme of public health’s design of promoting health while preventing disease and chronic conditions. The podcasts as well as readings shed light on a very important aspect of corporate responsibility and accountability in relation to the law and public health. I

The use of genetic information as anonymized data is incompatible with the principles of public health practice. Active surveillance does not imply neither does it authorize the formulation of preemptive solutions that cater to the whims of sections of various populations. The notion that a selection of genes should result in desired human traits, is questionable from an ethical perspective. The dilemmas that need to be addressed are based on a successful development of the f

Much of the pushback related to vaccine refusal has been due to a lack of parents accessing the right information about vaccines (Dempsey et al., 2006; Nagras 2015). There have been arguments made against mandatory vaccination programs based on the likelihood of a high rate of morbidity and mortality (Javitt et al., 2008) occurring. For instance, unlike the human papilloma virus (HPV), measles is transmitted through droplet infection i.e. coughing and/or sneezing. HPV on the

History has always served as a good reminder of why the institution of safeguards in public health is necessary. The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment is a case in point. Whether or not a pre-emptive solution is deemed necessary in a given public health concern, currently remains an issue of strong contention. Even though the marginal utility of health is of paramount concern in certain instances of public health surveillance, there has been some level of concern within the empiri

Community and stakeholder involvement is perhaps the best means to minimize ethical tensions that may inform policy formulation. The reason for such a bold assertion is due to the values of a Health Impact Assessment (HIA) as set forth by the International Association for Impact Assessment (IAIA) and Gothenburg consensus papers (Tannahill & Douglas 2014). The values include a democratic process involving relevant stakeholders, equitable distribution of outcomes, sustainabilit

The personal beliefs exemption (PBE) which is legal in most states has been a problematic issue for public health officials, physicians, and parents alike. The main function of a PBE is to afford parents a legal means to opt out of mandated vaccination programs (Steve 2007). Specifically, PBE recognizes that there may be some parents who for deeply-held philosophical and religious reasons consider vaccination unnecessary. In the city of Tiburon in California, the situation is

Historically, the United States has been inundated with parental rejection of immunization efforts by the government (Hodge & Gostin 2001). Vaccine hesitancy in recent times has been reported in the empirical literature as a problem associated with successful implementation of government funded programs. Parents often get inaccurate information from sources (Dempsey et al. 2006; Scherer et al., 2016) that provide inadequate relevant knowledge (Kimman et al., 2006) about the H

Diabetes Mellitus is the result of the human body not being able to produce enough insulin to enable the breakdown of excess glucose in the blood stream (Department of Health and Human Services). As a result, blood sugar levels rise above normal, and with this rise comes a host of health problems such as kidney failure, eye disease, and cardiovascular disease (Thackeray, Merrill, & Neiger, 2004). The decade 1990 to 2000 saw a 49% increase in newly diagnosed cases of Type 2 d

Here's one! She lets her children in As the rains come down in torrents She's their source Their strength Their comfort She struggled to make ends meet Attending to the needs of every child on the compound, but her own And all the while she waited. She prayed And hoped against hope That someday Somehow her progeny will be provided for.

The Zika virus is the main causal agent of a condition known as microcephaly in infants. The virus is transmitted by two types of mosquito species – Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment, 2015.) Zika virus, as the name suggests is a biological agent and a viral one at that. When zika virus first enters a human host, there are often no visible symptoms until after approximately ten (10) days (Martines, 2016; Hayes, 2009.) There are other studies t